Measuring E.Coli in Water: Smartphone-Based Testing Kit Phase One

Bali has faced serious problems of deteriorating water quality over the past year. The most common water contaminants found in water sources in Bali is E.Coli caused by improper dumping of garbage and sewage in open water channels. For drinking purposes, water purifying technologies are advertised as being able to remove bacteria and pathogens through their filtration system, however it is difficult to be sure of the quality of the filtered water every time as the water source is always different. 

E.Coli bacteria is considered the most concerning contaminant found in drinking water. Current E.Coli assessments rely on the government and involve a conventional laboratory analysis (ex-situ measurement), a complex and time-consuming process which often depends on the availability of government staff to collect the samples.

While the test is affordable at US$3.80 per sample test, it is more the time concern and the fact that the test can't be performed in the field. Transporting the samples could also potentially lead to contamination so the results are inaccurate.

Akvo Caddisfly offers a practical means to measure E. coli combining the Aquagenx Compartment Bag Test (CBT) method and a data collection tool in the form of a smartphone app. We tested the E. coli level in 30 water samples, including refillable water from a depot, water filtered by a Nazava water filter and spring water using the Akvo test kit. We then compared Akvo’s readings with laboratory results of drinking water samples from the same sources to evaluate: 

• The accuracy of the Akvo Caddisfly in indicating E. coli levels
  
• The time required to perform and complete the tests
  
• The cost of performing the tests
  

By enabling on-site E.Coli testing, the government and other organizations can monitor E.Coli in an easy and affordable way. These simple tests could also be conducted to map the water quality across Indonesia in relation to E.Coli. Additionally, the results of this test could help people in Bali who currently lack the means to test the quality of their drinking water and ensure it is free from E.Coli contamination.